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Archive for Biofuel

EarthTalk: Biomass Energy – Hype or Solution?

Biomass can be a part of the effort to cut back on fossil fuels, but only if it is harvested and used in ways that reduce pollution, cut emissions and protect forests. Pictured: A biomass-burning power plant.

EarthTalk® is a weekly environmental column made available to our readers from the editors of E/The Environmental Magazine

Dear EarthTalk: What is “biomass” and why is it controversial as a potential source of energy?    – Edward White, New Bedford, MA

Biomass is plant matter that is burned as a source of energy. Fallen or cut wood that is burned for heat is one primary form of biomass, but another includes plant or animal matter that is converted into biofuels.

According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), which was formed during the oil shocks of the early 1970s to help ward off future energy shortages, biomass combustion is a carbon-neutral process because the carbon dioxide released at burning has previously been absorbed by the plants from the atmosphere.

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Enviro News Wrap: Tarbotten’s Legacy; Stern Reassesses Climate Risk; Why Winter Doesn’t Mean Global Warming is a Hoax, and more

The Latest Environmental News HeadlinesGlobalWarmingisReal contributor Anders Hellum-Alexander wraps-up and comments on the climate and environmental news headlines for the past week:

To quote Becky, “The work of our time is bigger than climate change. We need to be setting our sights higher and deeper. What we’re really talking about, if we’re honest with ourselves, is transforming everything about the way we live on this planet.”

Environmentalism is fused with human rights. We are trying to create a better world for ourselves and since we live in our environment there is no separation between environmentalism and human rights. Maria Gunnoe of the Ohio Valley Environmental Coalition spoke at the event about working with Becky on the issue of coal mining and mountain top removal in Appalachia. While destroying hundreds of beautiful mountain tops the health of thousands of beautiful humans are also being destroyed. To paraphrase Maria; do not join us in fighting mountain top removal, join is ending the fight to stop mountain top removal.

Becky exemplified an improved way of fighting for the environment; fighting as a human for humans. This means that when we encounter supposed enemies we need to connect with them on a human level and help them see that we are fighting for a mutual interest. Since environmentalism is about human rights we need to convert everyone to allies, leaving no enemies to fight, because in this fight we are missing the point if we think we can defeat our enemies. Becky accomplished this with Disney and led a successful campaign to get them to stop using paper from endangered forests for their children’s books. Read More→

Bigger Picture Landscape Approach to Forest-Agriculture Management Gains Credibility

Setting "best practices" guidelines for forest and agriculture land use managementA world population expected to reach 9 billion by 2050 is going to create ever-greater demand for food and fuel, putting ever-growing pressure on forests. Our conventional way of looking at forests as a resource heavily favors the short-term strictly monetary gains associated with clearing forests for timber and making way for agriculture. That essentially ignores the essential, longer term gains and benefits forests provide, which include reducing soil loss and erosion, providing habitat for plant and animal species that in turn provide food, materials, fuel, recreation and psychological support for human populations, their importance in the water cycle and the long-term atmospheric carbon uptake and storage they provide as terra firma’s largest carbon sink.

In order to prevent ongoing deforestation and sustainably value, make use of and manage forest resources and ecosystem, services, scientific researchers and policy makers are now looking to employ a broader, more holistic and interdisciplinary approach. The resulting “Landscape Approach” takes a socio-ecological perspective of these issues, factoring in human needs and activities, such as alleviating poverty and developing communities’ economic and social capital, along with the traditional focus on non-human biodiversity and ecosystems conservation. Read More→

California Start-Up Looks to Scale Up Algae Biofuel-Agriculture-BioPharma System

Aurora Algae seeks to scale up biofuel and food productionNow slamming into the Gulf Coast, Hurricane Isaac is the latest in what’s turning out be a notoriously bad year for extreme weather events in the US, the increasing frequency and severity of which fall right in line with climate scientists’ predictions of the effects rising human greenhouse gas emissions will have on global climate. Considered alongside severe drought, wildfires, shrinking Arctic sea ice cover, melting glaciers and other natural phenomena, the profound impacts of climate change on essential economic activities and broader society is becoming increasingly clear.

Oil prices, for instance, began to rise on first word of Isaac coming together as a tropical storm. It is estimated that the storm, gathering strength to reach hurricane status as it swept over warm Gulf of Mexico waters, could result in 90 percent of offshore oil platforms in the Gulf being shut down. The effects and costs flow well beyond the energy sector, notably in terms of US agricultural production.

Agricultural methods and practices used in the US are heavily dependent on a ready, cheap supply of petroleum products and fossil fuel energy. Already hit hard by another record-setting drought, rising oil prices will put another whammy on US farmers and food prices. Though many are not commercially ready, growing numbers of agricultural scientists, researchers, farmers and ranchers are working on less costly, water, energy and natural resource-intensive alternatives that function more in harmony with natural processes and the environment, as well as adaptable to changing climatic conditions.

One such example can be found at Aurora Algae. The Hayward, California-based start-up is developing a photosynthetic production platform that uses seawater, carbon dioxide (CO2), sunlight, and–you guessed it–algae to produce biofuel, fertilizer, essential food nutrients– protein and Omega-3 fatty acids, as well as pharmaceutical products. Read More→

Drought Conditions Threaten US Corn Crop, Farmers, Local Economies

This year’s corn crop is suffering, as are farmers, as a result of the unrelenting heat wave and lack of rainfall that’s affecting much of America’s heartland. The Agriculture Dept. recently slashed its estimate of US corn yields, with forecasters predicting persistent hot and dry weather across much of the “Corn Belt,” according to a July 16 Climate Wire report (subscription required).

The US Drought Monitor report now estimates that 30 percent of this year’s corn crop is in poor or very poor condition. That’s up from 22 percent the week before. Half of all US grazing pasture is in similar straits, up from 28 percent in mid-May.

Futures contract prices for corn surged after the USDA cut its forecast corn yield by 20 bushels per acre to 146, down from a previous estimate of 166 bushels per acre. Poor corn and hay yields may well result in higher prices for a wide range of consumer staples– from cooking oil to meat and the wide range of beverages and drinks sweetened with corn syrup. Then there’s the 14 billion gallons of ethanol that was produced in the US in 2011, the vast majority of which is produced from corn.
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